Limiting myself to works written in so-called modern English, I suppose we have to start with Shakespeare. His plays could be discussed endlessly, of course, so here's just a list of favorites. Among the early plays, Romeo and Juliet; among the Greek and Roman plays, Julius Caesar; among the comedies, A Midsummer Night's Dream; among the histories, Richard II (perhaps an eccentric choice, given Richard III and Henry V, but I find Richard II a very interesting character); among the great tragedies, a very difficult choice would be Othello; among the problem plays, Measure for Measure; and among the late romances, The Tempest.
The Swift is, certainly, a fine choice.
The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman (1759 - 1767) by Laurence Stern is delightful, often hilarious, and amazingly post-modern.
Pride and Prejudice (1813) by Jane Austen is wonderfully enjoyable, her clear, insightful style like a refreshing drink of cool water.
It took me a while to get into Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus (1818) by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, but now I can see it as the profound and groundbreaking work that it is.
Wuthering Heights (1847) by Emily Brontë is extraordinary, unlike anything else I have ever read
I adore Moby-Dick; or, The Whale (1851) by Herman Melville; I revel in the endless digressions that drive other readers crazy.
I appear to be woefully unread when it comes to the late 19th century and very early 20th century, it seems, as nothing demands mention. Just barely outside your century limit would be The Great Gatsby (1925) by F. Scott Fitzgerald, which I love.
As far as poetry goes, favorite short poem of the time period is "Ozymandias" (1818) by Percy Bysshe Shelley; favorite long poem is "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" (1915) by T. S. Eliot; and favorite really long poem is "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner" (1798) by Samuel Taylor Coleridge. Given all that, it may seem odd that my favorite poet of the time is Emily Dickinson (1830 - 1886.)
I am too much an amateur listener to classical music to say more than, yes, Bach and Beethoven and Mozart and "that crowd" (to steal a joke from Tom Lehrer's parody of Clementine) are all great.