Dazzle Ships

Foxbat

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Interesting how history can repeat itself.

In World War 1, Royal Navy officer (who also happened to be an artist) Norman Wilkinson came up with the idea of Dazzle Camouflage.
It was based around the fact that gun ranges were calculated using a Coincidence Range Finder. This was, essentially, a very wide pair of binoculars - the idea being based around range calculation using triangulation.
These were used both on land and sea.
Ger_7,7cm_Goertz_Range_F.jpg



Because of the greater ranges involved, the naval versions could be much bigger.
HMS_Revenge_rangefinder_IWM_A_1513.jpg


The point of dazzle camouflage was to break up the shape of the ship and make it much more difficult to accurately predict its distance. This also worked against submarines using a periscope to target a ship.
HMS Argus .jpg


The results were inconclusive on how effective the dazzle paintwork actually was but it is still painted on some RN ships as part of their heritage rather than any operational requirement.
HMS Tamar.jpg


Now, let's fast forward to our own time. A form of dazzle paintwork, it is being reported, is something that the Russian ships in the Black Sea are experimenting with. It seems to be primarily the bow and stern of the ship that is being painted a darker shade of grey than the rest of the hull. The reason is to make the ship look shorter than it actually is. Ukranian drones tend to rely on visual means for detection and target classification and this evolution of dazzle paintwork might make it much harder to target ships of the Black Sea fleet.

Who knows if it will actually work but, after a century, it seems like dazzle camouflage may actually have a use against the rapidly emerging area of drone warfare.
 
rg19_british_type14_designe_port.jpg

And there were lots of designs - this one is for merchant ships, meant to make subs to get the torpedo deflection wrong. The idea was that the U-boat fired at the false bow wave, so when the torpedo got to the ship, it passed astern.
At its best, ships were practically unrecognisable as ships at all:

camo.jpg

I've been tempted to try painting dazzle on one or two of my models, but never actually done so. However, for reasons I won't go into, I've five identical kits of WWI torpedo-boats that are only 7" long, so we shall see...;)
 
Here's some more - the convoy one shows just how effective it is en masse...

EB1922_Camouflage.jpg

In World War One, the 'Dazzle Section' of the Department of Transport distributed designs through men commissioned as 'Dazzle Officers' who were allocated to specific ports to supervise the painting of ships.​
What a wonderful job title!

"What do you do, old chap? - if you're allowed to tell me, of course..."
"Oh, that's all right, old bean - I'm a Dazzle Officer"
 

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