This is rather interesting: A Look at What the Public Knows and Does Not Know About Science
Good link, Psikeyhackr. Those are shockingly easy questions. And only 6% got all of them. Did you inspect the graph and table of results? More than HALF of people missed more than a THIRD of them! 2 specific questions were missed by almost 2/3 of people. But the problem is NOT limited to science. 2 books that came out at about the same time are noteworthy:
Just How Stupid Are We?: Facing the Truth About the American Voter
by Rick Shenkman
Just How Stupid Are We?: Facing the Truth About the American Voter: Rick Shenkman: 9780465014934: Amazon.com: Books
The Dumbest Generation: How the Digital Age Stupefies Young Americans and Jeopardizes Our Future
by Mark Bauerlein
http://www.amazon.com/dp/1585427128/?tag=brite-21
From an NPR interview, I had the impression Shenkman was a Harvard history prof at the time his book was published, but I can't find confirmation of that with a cursory search, so I may have misheard. Bauerlein is an English prof at Emory.
Shenkman's title is misleading - he hasn't made any effort to gather and tabulate the huge wealth of material that answers the question his title poses. And there really is no excuse, because there are a lot of things like your link out there. The book was extremely well promoted, and while I don't disagree with anything in it and concur with his thesis, in truth, this was a lazy book - it has about 2 op ed's worth of information padded to make a book. It IS worth reading, but not worth buying. He actually seems to be more focused on showing the bad effect of TV than determining the answer to the question in the misleading title. Which is ironic, since apparently he's become a TV personality.
Bauerlein's book is true to his title, so the focus is unfortunately narrow. But he does address that focus well. Worth buying.
Both writers are more focused on how the problem is changing over time than on the problem itself. A Martian reading them might get the idea that people weren't stupid in 1940. They aren't focused on science literacy, and in other intellectual areas, their thesis that things are getting worse, can be justified. But in truth, the problem has ALWAYS been pretty bad. And the net result has been that democracy has become a lot like putting a bunch of 12 year olds in charge of NORAD and the Fed. And to paraphrase the late, lamented George Carlin, "Nobody seems to care."
I got 12 out of 12 but though I am not sure that might have been true when I was 14.
I did too and I suspect most people here would. I also suspect you of excessive humility. 14 is typically 8th grade or first year of high school. Of course you would have gotten 12/12. The biggest part of the problem is simply that most people don't read at all, more so than that they choose less enlightening material. When the "Heather Has Two Mommies" debate was raging, I recall some calm voice looked at a lot of the material given children to read at this age, and came to the conclusion that the biggest problem wasn't content that offended, but that, because so many things were proscribed as no-nos, that what remained was boring as hell. Give 'em pirates, westerns, blood, gore and maybe even that greatest of horrors, sex, if that is what it takes to get them in the habit of reading.
I definitely remember calculating the miles in a light year in grade school. That was because of SF.
I'll see your geek anecdote and raise you one. In the 5th or 6th grade, a test question was the earth-moon distance. I hadn't read the book. I NEVER read the book. I was reading SF, and maybe more importantly the non-fiction penumbral lit of SF, meaning stuff like the Good Doctor's column in F & SF, and the non-fiction in Analog. I didn't have that number memorized. But I DID know the relative masses of the Earth and Moon, the diameter of the earth, and the location of the center of gravity of the earth-moon system relative to the surface of the earth (hint for Fantasy fans: it's a round number, near enough). To know those numbers with reasonable accuracy, I only had to remember 4 non-zero digits, and you could get by with 3. So I calculated it.
But I don't see any practical science questions in that survey like,how cars work or what is electricity.
That is a curious omission, though I doubt it would have changed the results much. And I'm not sure that "what is electricity" is a good example of "practical". A better example would be:
"What happens when switch A is closed and switch B is open in the following diagram?". After all, people were using electricity before Thompson.
Actually I get the impression that some fantasy fans resent SF for having a practical side but then want to associate them to add status too fantasy. Maybe it's just me.
I can't say I've noticed that, although maybe I just don't hang out with many fantasy fans. However I do believe many pretentious, high brow "literary" types that tend to sneer at both communities, resent SF because they don't understand it, don't understand either it's content, purpose, or standards, and don't want to make the effort. But it is superficially too much like their chosen field to ignore and they don't want to admit ignorance. That, also, is a specific example of a more general problem - the bad influence of glib posers on the naive, but that's another subject.